变应性鼻炎患者嗅球体积与嗅沟深度的研究

Olfactory bulb volume and depth of olfactory sulcus in patients with allergic rhinitis

目的:探讨变应性鼻炎(AR)患者嗅觉功能的变化及嗅球体积、嗅沟深度与嗅觉功能的相关性。方法:选取AR患者(AR组)及无嗅觉减退的健康受试者(对照组)各100例,应用T&T嗅觉测试法检查所有受试者的嗅觉功能,并行嗅球体积、嗅沟深度的MRI检查。经保守治疗1年后AR组行T&T嗅觉检查及MRI嗅球体积及嗅沟深度检查,并与初次检查结果进行比较。结果:AR组左右两侧嗅球体积[分别为(29.53±3.95)mm3、(29.67±4.21)mm3]及平均嗅球体积[(29.61±4.05)mm3]均明显小于对照组[分别为(48.93±6.73)mm3、(48.81±7.43)mm3、(48.85±7.11)mm3],差异有统计学意义(t值分别为6.321、6.141、6.221,均P<0.01)。AR组与对照组左右两侧嗅沟深度及平均嗅沟深度差异无统计学意义(t值分别为1.032、0.972、0.991,均P>0.05)。AR组嗅觉识别阈与嗅球体积呈负相关(r=-0.46,P<0.05),与嗅沟深度无关(r=-0.012,P>0.05)。经保守治疗1个月,1年后复查AR组43例嗅觉功能出现不同程度恢复,但差异无统计学意义(Z=1.911,P>0.05);左右两侧及平均嗅球体积相应增大,但与1年前比较,差异无统计学意义(t值分别为0.811、0.843、0.826,均P>0.05)。结论:AR患者嗅觉功能减退,其嗅球体积减小,嗅沟深度不变;嗅觉功能与嗅球体积具有相关性,与嗅沟深度无关。保守治疗对AR患者嗅觉功能的恢复有一定的临床意义。

Objective：To explore the olfactory abilities in patients with allergic rhinitis （AR）, analyze the cor- relation between olfactory bulb （OB） volume with depth of olfactory sulcus （OS） and olfactory function in patients with AR. Method：One hundred patients with AR were compared with one hundred controls in terms of olfactory function T＆T testing, OB volume and depth of OS assessed with magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）. T＆T testing and MRI were done after a year in 100 AR patients,the results were compared with the initial results. Result：The OB volume in AR patients was （29.53±3.95） mm3 on the left, （29.67±4.21）mm3 on the right, （29.61±4.05） mm3 on average; The OB volume in controls was （48.93±6.73）mma on the left side, （48.81±7.43）ram3 on the right side, （48. 85±7. 11）mm3 on average; The OB volume in AR patients was less then the control group（t= 6. 321,6. 141,6. 221 ,P〈0.01）. The OS depth had no statistical difference between AR patients and controls （t= 1. 032,0. 972,0. 991 ,P〉0. 05）. Olfactory discriminate threshold was negatively correlated with OB volume in AR patients （r=-0.46,P〈0.05）; and it was no correlated with depth of OS （r=-0. 012,P〉0.05）. Among 100 followed-up AR patients, 43 showed increased in OB volume and olfactory function after a year, but there was no statistical difference （t=0. 811,0. 843,0. 826,P〉0.05; Z=1. 911,P〉0.05）,and the other 57 showed no signifi- cant changes of OB volume and olfactory function. Conclusion：In AR patients, the OB volume and olfactory func- tion decreased, but the depth of OS had no significant changes. The OB volume is correlated with olfactory func- tion, while the depth of OS is no correlated with olfactory function. Conservative treatment had some clinical sig- nificance on the recovery of olfactory function in patients with AR.