基于碳纳米复合材料的乳液催化新技术研究进展

Advances of emulsion catalysis technology derived from carbon hybrid materials

碳纳米材料具有大的比表面积、发达的孔结构和丰富的表面化学性质,可与各种无机纳米材料耦合/复合构筑新结构、高性能、表面物理化学性质可调的碳纳米复合材料并用于乳液催化领域.本文介绍了固体颗粒乳化机理,影响乳化体系的因素及基于固体颗粒构建的乳液催化体系的基本原理;综述了氧化物、氢氧化物、碳素材料及其碳纳米复合材料固体颗粒乳化剂的特点,及基于这些固体颗粒构筑的乳液催化新技术的研究进展;指出了目前乳液催化技术研究存在的问题,认为基于碳纳米复合材料作为固体颗粒乳化剂的乳液催化新技术,是未来催化技术的重要发展方向之一.

Nano-structured carbon materials have various fascinating intrinsic properties such as high specific surface area, abundant pore structure, unique surface chemical properties, and can be coupled various inorganic materials to configure the carbon hybrid materials for application in emulsion catalysis. The characteristics and principles emulsified by solid particles, and the factors affecting the emulsion properties such as the emulsion type, emulsion droplet size, and emulsion stability were also introduced. The advances of emulsion catalysis technology derived from metal oxide, hydroxides, and carbon hybrid materials at home and abroad were also reviewed. Some problems presented in emulsion catalysis processes were also pointed out. It was believed that emulsion catalysis technology, especially using carbon hybrid materials as solid emulsifiers, was a prominently new catalysis technology and also one of the important directions of catalysis technologies in future.