人格和情绪对大学生风险决策的影响

Personality and Emotion Impact on the Risk Decision Making for College

目的本研究旨在探索不同情绪状态对不同人格大学生风险决策的影响。方法本研究结合问卷法和实验法,研究不同人格的18~25岁在校大学生,在积极和消极两种情绪状态下风险决策的差异。采用大五人格量表简化版对大学生人格进行测量、分组。根据其中开放性维度得分的高低分出高分组和低分组,再随机各分成两组。各组实验参与者经过积极情绪或消极情绪的诱导后执行风险决策,并对自己决策过程中的情绪状态进行评价。结果通过相关分析得出,冒险得分和风险倾向性得分显著相关（r=0.861）。人格的主效应边缘显著（F=3.306,P=0.074,ηp2=0.056）,情绪的主效应显著（F=5.587,P=0.022,ηp2=0.091）,人格与情绪的交互作用显著（F=6.479,P=0.014,ηp2=0.104）。结论不同开放性人格大学生在风险决策中的冒险性差异存在边缘显著,在风险倾向性上不存在显著差异;积极情绪和消极情绪对于风险决策的冒险性和风险倾向性影响显著,积极情绪状态下倾向于风险偏好,消极情绪状态下倾向于风险规避;情绪和人格对于风险决策的冒险得分和风险偏好得分有交互作用。

Objective To explore the effects of different emotion of different personality risk decision college. Methods This research combines questionnaires and experimentation,in order to study the difference in risk decision of 18 ~ 25 years old college students with different personality in both positive and negative emotional states. Participants completed NEO- FFI,the risk decision making questionnaire and emotional self- assessment questionnaire. Results By correlation analysis,risk score and risk propensity score was significantly associated（ r = 0. 861）. The main effect of personality was borderline significantly（ F = 3. 306,P = 0. 074,ηp2= 0. 056）,the main effect of emotion was significant（ F = 5. 587,P = 0. 022,ηp2= 0. 091）,personality and emotion interaction significant（ F = 6. 479,P =0. 014,ηp2= 0. 104）. Conclusion The college students with different openness have marginal difference in risk score,but no significant difference in risk preference; positive emotion and negative emotion have significant impact on risk score and risk preference in risk decision,positive emotion make it easier to chose risk appetite,negative emotion make it easier to chose risk aversion; emotion and personality have interaction in risk score and risk preference in risk decision.