医学新生潜在心理危机与心理痛苦水平关系

Latent Psychological Crisis and Mental Health of Medical College Freshmen

目的探讨医学新生潜在心理危机现状及与心理痛苦水平的关系,为早期提供适宜的心理健康干预提供科学依据。方法对北方某医科大学311名入学新生进行自编调查问卷与症状自评量表(SCL-90)统一调查。结果存在潜在心理危机者(简称有者,反之无者,下同)为55人,检出率为17.7%,其中男生为17.6%、女生为17.7%。有者生活不快乐的为31.1%,明显高于无者的14.3%(χ2=7.77,P<0.01);SCL-90所有因子均分存在潜在心理危机者均比无者高(t>1.96,P<0.01),且除了恐怖、偏执因子≥2的检出率有无潜在心理危机比较没有统计学意义外,其他8个问题检出率有者均高于无者(χ2>3.84,P<0.01)。结论存在潜在心理危机的新生近五分之一,且心理痛苦水平高,存在轻度以上心理问题的人数多,加强医科院校心理危机防控能力势在必行。

Objective To study the relation between the latent psychological crisis and mental health of medical college freshmen, and provide scientific basis for prevention of mental health early.Methods Researchers surveyed 311 freshmen in a medical college in North China by questionnaire.Results Thenumlber of latent psychological crisis （ referred to as owners,whereas non-persons,the same below） was 55,the detection rate was 17.7%,the difference between female and male was not significant.The owners was 31.1%,which was higher than the non-persons that was 14.3%（χ2 =7.77,P〈0.01）;On all SCL-90 factors,the owner was also higher（t〉1.96 , P〈0.01）.The detection rate of the horror and paranoid ideation≥2 had no differences between the owners and non-persons of latent psychological crisis（χ2 〉3.84,P〈0.01）,while on the other eight factors,detection rate of the owners was all higher than that of non-persons.Conclusion The latent psychological crisis of freshmen is nearly one fifth and the level of psychological distress is high.The number of students whose mental problem is above mild is large.It is imperative to strengthen and control the psychological crisis and mental health of medical school.