居滇苗族源流考

The Origins of Miao Nationality in Yunnan

苗族原是生活于黄河下游和长江下游之间的民族,史称"九黎";夏商周时被迫迁于长江中下游一带,被称"荆蛮";秦汉至唐,被称为"武陵蛮"、"五溪蛮";史载唐代已有苗族居于滇东南,并向南诏提出"立边城自为一国";明清时期苗族被迫大量徙滇,支系繁多,受制于所在地主要民族,没有独立的经济区域,居地分散。截到1954年,人口在5000人以上的有15个市县;人口在1000人以上的有34个市县。从上述市县所处的区域看,居滇苗族主要分布在滇东南,滇东北次之,再接下来就是滇西。

Miao people was living in the lower reaches of the Yellow River and Yangtze River, it was or/ginally named ＂Jiuli＂, ＂Jingman＂ during Xia, Shang, and Zhou periods, ＂Wulingman＂ or ＂Wuximan＂ during Qin, Han, and Tang dynasties. According to historical records, Miao people had immigrated to southeast part of Yunnan, and Proposed to Nanzhao State that they wanted to build their own country at that time. During Ming and Qing dynasties, a large number of Miao people was forced to move to Yunnan, and scattered in the province. By 1954, 15 municipalities （Counties） have more than 5000 Yi population, 34 municipalities （Counties） have more than 1000 Yi population in Yunnan. At present, Miao nationality mainly lives in southeast, northeast, and west parts of Yunnan province.