新中国外交“革命化”趋向的初步显现——刍议《列宁主义万岁》的写作背景、过程及其影响

A Talk on the Writing Background,Process and the Influence of Long Live Leninism

二战后,美苏两国为了争夺当代世界的控制权,竞相高举"和平"之大旗。而在20世纪50年代末60年代初,中国由于面临着以美国为首的西方资本主义世界全面封锁和遏制以及以苏联为首的社会主义阵营逐步疏离的巨大挑战,所以,选择全面"革命化"的外交战略就有了一定的历史必然性和现实合理性。在世界两强竞相施压的大背景下,中共发表《列宁主义万岁》等三篇文章,希望推动苏共重回马克思列宁主义的轨道,但是却遭到苏共的反对并反击中共偏离了真正的马克思列宁主义路线。而西方国家通过双方激烈的理论交锋逐步确认中苏之间存在重大分歧,并设法利用之分化社会主义阵营以从中获益。

After World War II,USA and Soviet Union competed to uphold the banner of ＂peace＂in order to contend for the control over the contemporary world. In the late 1950 s and early 1960 s,challenged by the total blockage and restraint by the Western capitalist community headed by USA and the gradual estrangement from the socialism camp led by the Soviet Union,it was of some historical necessity and real rationality for China to adopt the diplomatic strategy of overall ＂revolutionization＂. In the context of successive pressure from USA and Soviet Union,the Chinese Communist Party published three articles entitled Long Live Leninism in the hope of impelling the Communist Party of the Soviet Union back to the track of Marxism-Leninism,which was opposed and retorted by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union that accused the Chinese Communist Party for departing from the genuine Marxism-Leninism line. What is more,the Western countries came to be aware of serious divergences between China and Soviet Union via their drastic theoretical confrontation and tried to profit from the division of the socialist camp.