基于振动的断路器状态检测系统的设计与开发

Design and Development of Condition Monitoring System for Circuit Breaker Based on Vibration Signal

中压断路器是电网中重要的电力设备,对其进行状态检测有利于发现潜在隐患。振动检测是一种非侵入的检测方法,振动信号是断路器内部一系列振动事件的响应,包含丰富的断路器机械状态信息,因此,设计开发一套基于振动的断路器状态检测系统是非常有意义的。在构建该系统过程中,考虑了振动传感器的型号与安装位置、设计了信号调理电路、选择了数据采集卡等硬件,同时利用VC++和Lab VIEW开发了数据采集、截取与分析软件,具有友好人机交互界面。在分析方法上,计算振动信号的信息熵向量作为故障诊断特征向量,利用支持向量机实现故障诊断。该状态检测系统能高效快捷地实现对断路器操作过程中振动信号的采集,同时,准确地完成断路器的故障分类诊断。

Medium voltage circuit breakers（CB）are important in power grid.Condition monitoring can detect potential risks of a CB.Diagnosis based on a vibration signal is a non-invasive method.Vibration signals are the response to a series of vibration events inside a CB,which contain abundant mechanical information.Thus,designing a condition monitoring system for CB based on vibration signal is promising and meaningful.To build this system,the product model and the mounting position of the accelerometer are taken into consideration,a signal processing circuit is designed,a data acquisition card is chosen appropriately.At the same time,a data acquisition,truncation and analysis software is programmed by VC ＋＋ and LABVIEW,with friendly user interface.This system gets the characteristic vector by decomposing and reconstructing the signal through wavelet transform and calculating the information entropy of each decomposed vibration signal,and accomplishes diagnosis with SVM.This condition monitoring system can acquire the vibration signal of a CB quickly and efficiently during its operation,and diagnose the fault of a CB accurately.