血雉繁殖初期和育雏期的日活动模式及集群行为研究

Daily activity pattern and group behavior of Ithaginis cruentus in initial breeding period and brooding period

2013年4—7月,利用红外相机在四川王朗自然保护区研究了血雉(Ithaginis cruentus)在繁殖初期和育雏期的日活动模式和集群行为。结果表明,血雉具有明显的昼行性活动规律,繁殖初期的活动高峰为6:00—14:00(n=42,P=84.00%),育雏期的活动高峰为6:00—12:00(n=111,P=60.33%),次高峰为12:00—18:00(n=63,P=34.24%)。繁殖初期记录了50群76只血雉,雌雄性比为1∶2.41,集群大小为(1.52±0.68)只/群,以孤雄(n=23,P=46.00%)和混合群(n=29,P=30.00%)为主。育雏期记录了184群321只血雉,雌雄性比为1∶1.81,集群大小为(1.74±1.21)只/群,以孤雄(n=75,P=40.76%)和家庭群(n=51,P=27.72%)为主。在繁殖初期和育雏期,不同集群类型出现的频率差异均极显著(繁殖初期:χ2=17.680,df=3,P<0.01;育雏期:χ2=79.478,df=4,P<0.01)。血雉的集群性较强,即使在以家庭生活为主的育雏期也常集群活动。

Daily activity pattern and group behavior of Ithaginis cruentus were studied from April to July 2013 using camera traps in Wanglang nature reserve,Sichuan province. Ithaginis cruentus complied with strict diurnality,the activity peak was 6： 00—14： 00 in initial breeding period and 6： 00—18： 00 in brooding period. 76 individuals from 50 groups were recorded in initial breeding period（ female and male ratio was 1 ∶ 2. 41）,and the mean group size was（ 1. 52 ± 0. 68） individuals,one-male and mixed group were the main group types. 321 individuals from 184 groups were recorded in brooding period（ female and male ratio was 1 ∶ 1. 81）,and the mean group size was（ 1. 74 ± 1. 21） individuals,one-male and family group were the main group types. The frequency differences of different group types were significant in both periods（ P〈0. 01）.