中庭体型系数对火灾烟气控制的影响

Influence of atrium shape coefficient on fire smoke control

基于体型系数理论提出中庭体型系数的概念,利用数值模拟的方法对相同体积不同中庭体型系数的建筑进行模拟。通过对比三种体型系数的中庭烟气层高度和平均温升的差异得到:瘦高型和扁平型中庭火灾前期自然排烟效果好;立体型中庭火灾前期机械排烟效果好;在火灾后期三者采用自然排烟方式时其排烟效果均好于机械排烟,防排烟设计时可以优先考虑自然排烟方式。

The concept of atrium shape coefficient is proposed based on the shape coefficient theory, numerical simulation was used to research on buildings of the same volume but different shape coefficient. Comparing the height of smoke layer and the average temperature rise, the results showed that in the early stage of fire,natural smoke exhaust was better in the thin and flat atrium while mechanical smoke exhaust was better in stereo atrium; and in the late stage, natural smoke exhaust was better than mechanical smoke exhaust as to the three types of atrium. Therefore,priority should be given to natural smoke exhaust in fire design.