化工储罐火灾危害特性模拟实验研究

Simulation experiment of hazardous properties of chemical tank fire

建立小尺度储罐火灾模拟实验平台,研究了储罐火焰高度、火焰温度场以及火焰辐射等参数,比较了经验模型与实验结果,分析了产生差异的原因,结果表明:平均火焰高度和最大火焰高度随储罐内介质液位的升高而升高,连续区火焰高度与液位无关;液位越高,油层越厚,火焰温度越高;火焰温度场的分布是不断变化的,火焰中心线的温度分布呈现先上升后下降的规律,温度最高处出现在罐口中心位置;辐射强度与距火焰表面的距离近似呈指数关系。

In order to study the hazardous properties of chemical tank fire, a testing platform for small-sized chemical tank fire has been set up. The typical relevant parameters of tank fire hazard characteristics： the heigh testing platform for small-slzed chemical tank fire has been set up. The typical relevant parameters of tank fire including the height of flame, temperature field distribution in fire as well as surface heat flux were analyzed. The reasons for the difference between experience model and experimental results were analyzed. The results showed that： the flame height in average and the peak of the height rise with the tank＇s level increasing. The flame height in continuous area has no connection with the level. The deeper and thicker the liquid and the oil are, the higher the flame is. Temperature field distribution is a changing process. The temperature distribution of the flame center initially rises and then drops. The highest temperature is detected in the mouth of the tank on fire. The radiation and the distance to flame serve an exponential rela tion.