心理护理和社会支持对老年痴呆患者生活能力的影响

The effects of psychological nursing and social support on the ability to live a normal life of senile dementia patients

目的探讨心理护理和社会支持干预对老年痴呆患者生活能力和语言能力的影响,为临床护理提供参考依据。方法将80例老年痴呆患者随机分为观察组和对照组各40例,对照组给予常规护理,观察组在常规护理的基础上加用心理护理和社会支持干预,比较两组患者干预前后语言能力和生活能力改善情况。结果观察组康复锻炼依从性优良率为82.50%,高于对照组(60.00%),两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组日常生活能力评分为(67.62±11.74)分,高于对照组的(56.93±10.62)分,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组书写和阅读、复述、听觉理解、自发言语、信息量、流畅度得分均显著高于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论心理护理和社会支持有效改善患者的语言能力和生活能力,提高患者生活质量。

Objective To explore the effects of psychological nursing and social support on the living ability of senile dementia patients so as to obtain scientific knowledge for clinical nursing. Method 80 senile dementia patients were randomly divided into an experimental group （n = 40） and a control group （n = 40）. The control group were administered with conventional nursing while the experimental group were administered with psychological care and social support intervention in additional to the same type of conventional nursing as provided to the control group. The linguistic competence and living ability of both groups were compared. Findings 82.50% of the experimental group complied with the rehabilitation exercise required of them, which made a compliance rate higher than that of the control group where the compliance rate was 60%. The difference between two groups in terms of compliance rate was statistically significant（P 〈 0.05）. The ability of the experimental group to live daily life was rated as （67.62 ±11.74） , which is higher than that of the control group where the rate was （56.93 ± 10.62）. The difference between the two groups in this aspect was also statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. The experimental group also did better than the control group in the ability to read, write, recite, auditory comprehension, spontaneous speech, information content, and fluency. The difference between the two groups in this aspect was statistically significant （P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Psychological care and social support can effectively improve the linguistic competence and the ability to live a normal life of the patients, and the quality of life of elderly dementia patients.