清儒汪中维护女性权益的努力及其启示

A Study on the Renowned Scholar Wang Zhong's Efforts and the Enlightenments in Safeguarding Women's Rights and Interests in Qing Dynasty

自身的贫困经历和对母亲寡居多年所遭受困苦的切身体会,让汪中将维护女性权益作为自己理论思考的问题之一。在"精研大义"和"用世"相结合的经史研究的基础上,汪中重视依据封建礼制来维护女性权益,他珍爱女性生命,创设"贞苦堂"制度,并为女性逝者在祭礼中应有的权利辩护,充分体现了儒者的仁爱精神。但其思想并没有脱离封建父权制的束缚,其对女性权益的维护也是以封建礼制为前提的。但值得称道的是,出于对女性的关爱,汪中很大程度上摆脱了封建礼制的无情,而回归到儒家的人本情怀。

Because of his own poor life and the hardship his mother has suffered as a widow for several years, the renowned scholar Wang Zhong paid more attention to the issue of safeguarding women＇ s rights and interests. Based on the research method of combining theoretical knowledge and humanistic pragmatism, Wang Zhong attached more importance to safeguarding women＇ s rights and interests in accordance with the feudal system. In order to give more respect for women＇ s life, he created an ideal system of Zhenkutang and defended the female ancestor＇ s sacrifice rights. All above reflects his Confucian benevolence. But Wang Zhong didn＇ t get rid of the feudal patriarchy. In other words, his efforts to safeguard women＇ s rights and interests were also based upon the feudal system. Anyway, it could be concluded that he got rid of the ruthless of the feudal system to a large extent and finally returned to the Confucian humanism owing to his caring about women.