成县核桃营养成分及矿质元素含量多样性分析

Analysis of Nutritional Components and Mineral Elements Content Diversity of Walnut in Chengxian County

[目的]分析成县不同核桃产区核仁营养物质含量的差异性,试图探讨成县核桃种质资源的遗传多样性,为成县核桃育种提供理论依据。[方法]从成县10个核桃主产地区选择了11株优树,分别测定其核仁中蛋白质、脂肪以及P、K、Mg、Zn等矿质元素的含量,并统计分析了脂肪酸组分以及各矿质元素在11份材料中含量的差异性。[结果]成县核桃蛋白质含量较高(平均19.12%),脂肪酸组分中以油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸含量较高,且亚油酸的含量(平均41.30%)远高于油酸(平均25.28%)和亚麻酸(平均17.98%)。除油酸和Mg外,脂肪酸各组分及P、K、Zn等几种矿质元素含量在11份材料中差异显著,表现出了较高的遗传多样性,尤以Zn含量变异性最大。另外,成县核桃Zn含量偏高,平均含量达到了38.19 mg/kg,最高含量达到了55.72 mg/kg。[结论]成县核桃营养丰富,蛋白质含量较高,所含脂肪酸属于亚油酸类油脂,脂肪酸各组分含量及矿质元素含量在不同产区差异性很大,表现出了较强的遗传多样性。

[Objective] Analyze the diversity of nutrients content in walnut seed in different regions of Chengxian County,so as to explore the genetic diversity of walnut germplasm resources, and to provide theoretical basis for the improvement of walnut quality properties in Chengxian County breeding programs.[Method]The contents of protein, fat and four kinds of mineral elements （ P, K, Mg, Zn） in the walnut seed of eleven strains champion trees from ten different places in Chengxian County were determined respectively,and the diversity of compositions of fatty acids and the four kinds of mineral elements among eleven walnut seeds was analyzed. [Result]The average protein content in the walnuts from Chengxian County was high （average 19.12%）.Oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid accounted for a large part of fatty acids,and the content of linoleic acid （average 41.30% ）was much higher than the oleic acid （average 25.28% ）and linolenic acid （average 17.98%）.Both the fatty acid compositions and five mineral elements, especially the Zn content showed significant difference among the eleven materials ,except the oleic acid and Mg ,indicating that there was a high level of genetic diversity.In addition, the Zn content was up to 55.72 mg/kg （average 38.19 mg/kg）.[Conclusion]The walnut seed in Chengxian County is rich in nutritions with high protein content and fatty acids belonging to the linoleic acid oil.There are great ＂differences in the contents of fatty acids and mineral elements in different areas of Chengxian County with a high genetic diversity.