复合材料后掠机翼的气动弹性剪裁方法研究

Exploring an Aeroelastic Tailoring Design Method for Composite Backswept Wing

提出了一种混合多级结构优化算法,以大展弦比复合材料后掠机翼为研究对象进行了气动弹性剪裁设计。在满足强度、变形约束等前提下,以梁、肋、蒙皮厚度,对结构重量进行最小化设计;继续以减重为目标,满足颤振速度的约束,优化蒙皮各铺层的比例,并分析了优化中铺层比例对颤振速度的影响;采用遗传算法优化蒙皮的铺层顺序,以增大机翼的颤振速度。研究表明:混合多级结构优化不仅可以减轻机翼的结构重量,还能大大提高机翼的颤振速度;铺层比例优化结果表明较高的±45°铺层比例能使刚度分布更加合理高效。

We propose a hybrid multilevel structural optimization algorithm to carry out the aeroelastic tailoring de-sign of a high-aspect-ratio composite backswept wing.First, under the precondition that the constraints for strength and displacement are met, we use the thicknesses of beam, rib and skin as design variables to minimize the struc-tural weight of the composite wing.Second, we try to lighten its structural weight by optimizing the proportions of skin plies under the condition that the constraintg for the flutter speed of the composite wing are met and then ana-lyze the effects of the proportions of skin plies on the flutter speed.Finally, in order to increase the flutter speed, we use the hybrid multilevel structural optimization algorithm to optimize the order of skin plies and carry out the aeroelastic tailoring design of the high-aspect-ratio backswept composite wing.The optimization results, given in Ta-bles 1, 2 and 3 and Fig.3, and their analysis show preliminarily that：（1） the use of the hybrid multilevel struc-tural optimization algorithm can not only lighten the structural weight but also increase the flutter speed; （ 2） the wing skin with the lighter ply proportion of ±45°has a more efficient and reasonable stiffness distribution.