聚焦解决模式对癌症化疗患者负性情绪和癌因性疲乏的影响

Effect of solution focused approach on negative emotion and cancer-related fatigue for patients with cancer chemotherapy

目的：聚焦解决模式对癌症化疗患者负性情绪和癌因性疲乏的影响。方法选择2013年1-12月于北京肿瘤医院癌症化疗患者60例，随机分为研究组和对照组各30例，研究组采用在常规护理基础上加聚焦解决模式护理干预，对照组采用常规护理干预。比较两组患者干预前后负性情绪和癌因性疲乏情况。结果干预后研究组患者Zung焦虑自评量表（SAS）评分[（41.8±6.2）分]和Zung抑郁自评（SDS）评分[（47.2±6.6）分]显著低于干预前[（53.3±5.9）、（59.1±8.3）分]以及对照组干预后[（50.1±7.4）、（54.7±7.4）分]，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。干预后研究组患者癌因性疲乏未显著的加重（P〉0.05），而对照组较干预前显著加重（P〈0.05），并且显著重于研究组（P〈0.05）。结论聚焦解决模式强调鼓励激发患者自身的积极性，利用自身的资源，解决问题，从而树立希望和信心，其能够显著改善癌症化疗患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪以及癌因性疲乏，使患者的康复进入良性循环。

Objective To discuss effect of solution focused approach on negative emotion and cancer-related fatigue for patients with cancer chemotherapy. Methods From January to December 2013, in Beijing Cancer Hospital, 60 cases with cancer chemotherapy were selected and divided randomly into study group and control group, with 39 cases in each group. Study group were given solution focused approach and normal nursing, and control group were given normal nursing. Negative emotion and cancer-related fatigue were compared. Results After intervention, SAS of study group was （41.8±6.2） scores, and SDS was （47.2±6.6） scores, which were apparently lower than those before intervention [（53.3±5.9）, （59.1±8.3） scores] and control group[（50.1±7.4）, （54.7±7.4） scores], the differences were statistically significant （P〈0.05）. After intervention, cancer-related fatigue of study group had no significant increase（P〉0.05）, but control group increased apparently （P〈 0.05）, and it was worse than study group（P〈 0.05）. Conclusion Solution focused approach emphasizes to encourage and arouse the enthusiasm of the patients＇ own, using their own resources to solve problems, set up the hope and confidence. Solution focused approach can relieve negative emotion and cancer-related fatigue of patients with cancer chemotherapy, and make the patients recover into virtuous cycle.