中国沿海城市带区域空间极化研究

Study on Regional Spatial Polarization of Coastal Urban Belt in China

20世纪以来,世界范围内城市与区域向沿海发展的趋向愈来愈显著,国家城市发展战略重点不断向沿海地区转移。中国沿海地区作为国家开发和开放的重点得到了迅速发展,成为加快国家现代化进程、缩小中国与发达国家经济技术水平差距的重点区域,成为我国区域经济发展的重要支撑点。但是,中国沿海地区内部同样存在不均衡发展的现象,其空间极化的格局、过程及影响因素等方面都亟待深化研究。立足城市尺度,应用SPSS统计分析技术,试图揭示中国沿海城市带空间极化的格局、过程及影响因素,并且提出了相应的政策建议。研究发现,中国沿海城市带空间极化格局以沿海三大城市带为核心,呈现圈层蔓延和距离衰减的态势;中国沿海城市带空间极化过程呈现绝对极化程度不断扩大的同时,相对极化程度呈倒U型缩减的态势。上述空间极化格局和过程的形成与自然环境及区位、人口资源与流动、资本来源与流动、政治制度与政策体制、产业结构与对外贸易、空间布局与形态等因素密切相关,亟需在政策扶持、城市规划、中心城市建设和产业结构优化等方面进一步深化改革,推动中国沿海城市带的快速健康发展。

Since the 20th century, it is more and more obvious for the cities and regions within the scope of the world to develop toward the sea, the key point of the national urban development strategic gradually transfers to the coastal areas. As the key point of the national development and open, the coastal areas of China have been developed rapidly, becoming the key areas which can accelerate the process of national modernization and narrow the gap of economic and technical level between China and developed countries, becoming the important support of regional economic development in China. However, China coastal regions also have the phenomenon of uneven development. The pattern, process and influence factorsof the space polarization are in poor state of research. Based on city scale, the paper applies SPSS statistical analysis technology, tries to reveal the pattern, process and influence factors of China Coastal Urban Belt （CCUB） spatial polarization, and puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations. The study found that the CCUB spatial polarization pattern goes around the three coastal urban belt, presented circle spread and distance attenuation trend. The process of CCUB spatial polarization presents that the absolute degree of polarization are widening while the relative degree of polarization are declining as inverted U-shaped. The above-mentioned spatial polarization pattern and process ＇ s formation goes together with the natural environment and location, population resources and flow, capital source and flow, political system and policy system, industrial structure and foreign trade, space layout and form etc, and need to deepen the reform in the aspects of policy support, urban planning, central city construction, industrial structure optimization, etc, in order to promote the rapid and sound development of CCUB.