高趋近动机积极情绪对注意灵活性的影响

The Effect of High- Approach- Motivated Positive Affect on Attentional Flexibility

该研究通过两个实验探讨不同趋近动机强度的积极情绪对注意灵活性的影响。实验一中40名大学生被试分别在高趋近和低趋近动机积极情绪条件下完成隐性注意朝向任务;实验二以35名大学生为被试,考察高趋近动机积极情绪和中性情绪条件下的注意灵活性。两项实验结果表明,与低趋近动机积极情绪和中性情绪条件相比,高趋近动机积极情绪下个体的注意灵活性降低,实验结果支持情绪的动机维度模型。

Attentional flexibility is defined as the ability to adaptably shift focus among cognitive operations using executive control. Research has found that positive affect increases attentional flexibility. However,these studies manipulated positive affect that is low in approach motivation. Positive affect that is high in approach motivation should reduce attentional flexibility, as organisms shut out irrelevant stimuli when they approach desired objects. Two experiments examined the attentional consequences of approach - motivated positive - affect states. Results were consistent with predictions. Participants showed less attentional flexibility after viewing high - approach - mo- tivating positive stimuli than after viewing low - approach - motivating positive stimuli （ experiment 1 ） or neutral stimuli （ experiment 2）. These results support the motivational dimensional model of affect.