特质模糊性对大学生人格判断准确性的影响

The Effects of Trait Ambiguity on the Accuracy of Personality Judgment among Undergraduates

该研究从大学生样本中抽取19名目标被试、57名熟人被试和76名陌生人被试,采用词汇评定方法考察了特质模糊性对人格判断准确性的影响,结果表明:(1)自我、熟人及陌生人对清晰特质判断的一致性比模糊特质的一致性更高,这种差异在自我—陌生人及熟人—陌生人一致性中尤为显著;(2)无论是模糊特质还是清晰特质,自我—熟人判断一致性显著高于自我—陌生人和熟人—陌生人一致性,后两者差异不明显;(3)随着特质模糊性的增加,被试判断间一致性差异总体上呈不断增大的趋势,清晰特质判断一致性的差异较小,模糊特质判断一致性的差异较大。

In the present study, 19 target subjects and 57 acquaintances and 76 strangers were selected from undergraduates. The relationship between trait ambiguity and agreements of self ratings, acquaintance ratings and stranger ratings in personality judgment was examined with vocabulary - rating method, as well as the effects of acquaintanceship between participants and judgers on inter - judge agreements. The results show that ： （ 1 ） The pair - wise agreements of self ratings, acquaintance ratings and stranger ratings are higher in distinct personality traits than that of ambiguous personality traits, and the differences are much more significant in the agreements of self - stranger and acquaintance - stranger. （2） In both the ratings of distinct personality traits and ambiguous personality traits, the self - acquaintance agreements are much higher than the self - stranger agreements and acquaintance - stranger agreements ; meanwhile the last two have no significant differences. （3） As the amhiguity of personality traits increases, the differences of inter - judge agreement tend to be larger in a whole. The trend is relatively smaller in distinct personality traits and relatively larger in ambiguous personality traits.