河北邯邢铁矿区矿山环境生态地球化学评价

Geochemical evaluation of the ecologic environment of the Hanxing iron mining area, Hebei Province

在河北邯邢西石门及周边铁矿区系统地采集了各类生态环境地球化学样品,包括土壤(n=242)、玉米(n=110)、地表水(n=37)、地下水(n=31)和水系沉积物(n=81)。通过对矿区各样品元素含量特征和元素富集程度的研究,利用区域地球化学基准值和地质累积指数定量评价了矿山污染扰动程度。研究表明,矿区土壤、玉米、地表水、地下水、水系沉积物中相对富集较高的与成矿作用有关的元素及主要的伴生元素,部分重金属元素超标,土壤和水系沉积物中Se、As、Cd、Cu、As、Cd、Cu、Co元素超标,玉米中F、Cr、Cd元素接近食品卫生限值,地表水和地下水部分指标浓度接近三类水质限值。研究表明,造成污染的主要来源是铁矿尾矿沙和煤矸石中的硫化物发生氧化作用,导致重金属淋滤转移,另一来源是燃煤降尘的积聚。

This paper mainly studied the environmental geochemical characteristics of the Hanxing iron mining area in Hebei Province in the aspects of soil （n=242）, maize （n=110）, surface water （n=37）, groundwater （n=31） and sediments （n=81）. By analyzing the characteristics of the quantity of the elements in different ore blocks and their enrichment, and on the basis of the regional geochemical base values and geological accumulated indexes, the authors quantitatively evaluated the degrees of exceeding the standards. The results show that the mining soil, corn, surface water, groundwater and river sediments contained high values of elements, the mineralization and associated elements are important factors, with some heavy metal elements exceeding the standards. Se, As, Cd, Cu, As, Cd, Cu, Co in soil and river sediments severely exceed their standards. F, Cr, Cd values in maize are close to their limit standards, their concentrations in the surface water and groundwater approach or even exceed V-Grade standard. The main source of pollution is the oxidation of the iron tailings in the iron ore and sulfide in the gangue, which have caused the transfer of heavy metals, and the other source is the dust of burning coal.