烟台养马岛潮间带大型海藻分布特征及环境影响因素

Distribution of macroalgal community and environmental effects in Yangma Island,Yantai,Shandong Province,China

2010年4月—2011年3月对烟台养马岛潮间带大型海藻进行了逐月调查.在养马岛潮间带共设置了A、B两个点,对大型海藻物种组成、生物量以及与环境变化的关系进行了研究.结果表明:调查区域共有大型海藻35种,其中红藻24种,占总数的68.6%;绿藻6种,占总数的17.1%;褐藻5种,占总数的14.3%.夏季优势种以褐藻和绿藻为主,秋、冬、春季优势种以红藻和褐藻为主,鼠尾藻在各季节中均为优势种.大型海藻生物量呈现夏季高、冬季低的特点,生物量最高值出现在6月,A、B采样点大型海藻生物量最小值分别出现在1月和11月,具有温带海域藻类变化特点.温度、营养盐和p H对大型海藻生物量有显著影响.

Distribution of macroalgal community was investigated monthly in the intertidal zone of Yangma Island, Yantai, Shandong Province, China during April 2010 to March 2011. Macroalgae sampling was conducted at two sites （A and B） along Yangma Island coastline. The relationships between macroalgae species composition and biomass and environment variables were studied. In to- tal, 35 her）, 6 ber）. B macroalgae species were identified, including 24 Rhodophyta （68.6% of the total num- Chlorophyta （17.1% of the total number） and 5 Phaeophyta （14.3% of the total num- rown algae and green algae dominated in summer, and red algae and brown algae dominated in other seasons. Sargassum thunbergii was the dominant species all the year. The biomass of mac- roalgae was higher in summer and lower in winter. The highest biomass of macroalgae was observed in June. The lowest biomass of macroalgae was observed in January at A sampling site and in No- vember at B sampling site with the characters of macroalgae in the temperate seas. Seawater tempe- rature, nutrients and pH could have significant effects on the variations of macroalgae biomass in the Yangma Island intertidal zone.