精神障碍者家属的照顾体验及影响因素

Experiences and influencing factors of caregivers of patients with mental disorders

目的了解精神障碍者家属照顾体验的状况,并分析相关影响因素,为精神障碍者家属支持提供依据。方法采用照顾体验量表(ECI)中文版对上海市2所精神卫生机构住院或门诊随访的精神障碍者家属(主要照顾者)进行问卷调查和分析。结果 139名精神障碍者家属接受问卷调查,受照顾精神障碍者中83.1%为精神分裂症,12.5%为心境障碍,4.4%为其他精神障碍。ECI中,消极评价分量表总均分为123.36±29.88,积极评价分量表总均分为22.13±9.15。家属的年龄、性别、工作状况、与患者的关系、经济状况以及患者是否为首发和自理程度等对家属的ECI得分有显著影响。结论精神障碍者家属ECI的消极评价和积极评价均较高,受家属自身和患者的多种因素影响。

Objective To explore the experiences of caregivers of patients with mental disorders, to analyze relevant influencing factors, and to provide guidance for caregivers. Methods The Chinese version of Experience of Cargiving Intervention （ECI） was adopted to conduct the questionnaire survey and analysis for caregivers of people with mental disorders who were hospitalized in or followed up by two mental health facilities of Shanghai. Results A total of 139 patients＇ caregivers were surveyed. Among patients, 83.1% suffered from schizophrenia; 12.5% suffered from mood disorder; and 4.4% suffered from other mental disorders. The total score of ECI negative appraisal was 123.36 ±29.88 and total score of ECI positive appraisal was 22.13 ± 9.15. ECI scores were significantly influenced by the age, gender, employment, relationships with patients, economic status of caregivers, and first onset and self-care ability of patients. Conclusion Both ECI negative and positive appraisal of caregivers of patients with mental disorders were high and affected by multiple factors of caregivers and patients.