产业结构、人力资本分布结构与收入差距

Industrial Structure,Human Capital Distribution Structure and Income Gap

文章将产业结构、人力资本分布结构与收入差距纳入到一个三元分析框架中,认为产业结构升级会推动人力资本投资强度与结构不断调整,一方面促进人力资本结构调整与优化,另一方面可长期显著提升就业能力与平均收入,缩小城乡收入差距。随后的实证分析与理论分析基本一致:人力资本分布结构优化较产业结构优化更能缩小收入差距,同时,收入差距的改善也会惠及产业结构升级、人力资本分布结构优化,但当前的产业结构与人力资本分布结构之间耦合效率较低,甚至发生相互掣肘的效率损耗。因此,在加大产业结构调整的同时,应充分考虑人力资本分布结构的演进特征,充分促进产业结构与人力资本分布结构之间良性互动。

This paper incorporates industrial structure,human capital distribution structure and income gap into athree-element analytical framework, and holds that the upgrade of industrial structure will improve the contiunousadjustment of humam capital investment intensity and structure. On the one hand, it can promote the adjustmentand optimization of human capital structure. On the other hand,it can significantly improve employablity and aver-age income for a long time,narrowing the urban and rural income gap. The subsequent empirical analysis is basi-cally consistent with the theoretical analysis. The optimization of human capital distribution structure can better nar-row the income gap than that of industrial structure. Meanwhile,the improvement of the income gap is conduciveto the upgrade of industrial structure and the optimization of human capital distribution structure. At present, thecoupling efficiency between industrial structure and human capital distribution structure is still lower,even resultingin efficiency loss caused by mutual restraints. Therefore, we should give full consideration to the features of theevolution of human capital distribution structure and fully promote the positive interaction between industrial struc-ture and human capital distribution structure when intensifying industrial restructuring.