环境影响评价司法审查的正当性阐释

Legitimate Illustration of Judicial Review of Environmental Impact Assessment

环境影响评价具有科技专业性、利益多元性等特征,使得环境行政机关在实施时拥有较大自由裁量权。面对环境行政机关的裁量判断,现行模糊的环境立法并没有为司法机关能否及如何审查环境影响评价提供精确指引,导致环境影响评价司法审查的正当性备受质疑。然而不可否认的是,法治国家中的权利无漏洞保护需求,分权原则不容许有不受约束的行政权力存在,以及司法权制约行政权政治框架中的正当行政程序标准等均为环境影响评价的司法审查提供了正当性基础。

Environmental impact assessment is characterized by scientific and technological specialty and multiple benefits,giving relatively large discretionary power to environmental administrative body in execution.However,the present vague environmental legislation fails to provide guidance for environmental impact assessment,leading to the query of the legitimacy of judicial review of environmental impact assessment.It is undeniable that in a country under the rule of law,legitimate illustration for environmental impact assessment can be found in the right of non-leaking protection,in the restricted administrative power under the decentralized principle,and in the legitimate administrative procedure under a political framework in which administrative power is restricted by judicial power.