美国大学校园反性骚扰的政策与个案研究

The Policy of Anti-Sexual Harassment in American Universities:Case Studies

20世纪70年代中后期,美国大学校园的性骚扰问题开始受到学术界的关注,学者们对大学校园性骚扰的状况、特点和类型进行了调研。进入21世纪后,美国大学校园性骚扰与性侵害现象有增无减。在联邦政府及教育部的敦促与法院判例的影响下,美国的大学和学院建立起较完善的反性骚扰政策及程序,数十所美国大学和学院率先出台了禁止或限制师生恋的政策措施,以防止因师生恋可能造成的性骚扰。

In middle and late 1970 s,sexual harassment on campus has been brought into focus by the academia.Some scholars investigated its situation,characteristics and types.Since the beginning of the 21 st century,sexual harassment and assault in American institutions of higher learning has been unabated.Under the influence of the federal government,the Ministry of Education and the trails of courts,American colleges and universities have made the anti-sexual harassment policy and procedural justice.Dozens of American colleges and universities have taken the lead in introducing policies to prohibit or restrict teacher-student romance,which may cause sexual harassment.