董仲舒公羊学对儒家仁义论的创造性阐释

The Creative Interpretation on the Confucian Views of REN and YI by Dong zhongshu's Gongyang Study

仁与义在《春秋》中是针对天与王、人与我关系的范畴,《公羊传》是沟通孔孟和董仲舒的桥梁,在此之前孔孟发明仁义以论说王者之道和人、我关系及个体立身处世之道德准则、原则和规范,在此之后,董仲舒的今文公羊学将仁、义合论,从范畴内涵、哲学根据、实施对象和方法等方面系统阐述并深化了仁义论,他对儒家仁义论的创造性阐释在于认为:仁是天的本质属性,仁取之于天,具有外在的超越性本源;首次明确提出仁的博爱原则;区分了仁与义,仁指向安人、爱人,义指向正我、修己。董仲舒的仁义论参与塑造和建立了西汉以仁义之道为核心的国家治理观念、教化体系和礼仪制度,对于中国传统主流社会的人伦道德、意识形态、礼法秩序的建设都具有重要的意义和价值。

REN and YI in The Springand Autumn Annalsis the category, which was aimed at the rela-tionships between the Heaven and the King, I and others. The Biography of Gongyangis a bridge between Con-fucius, Mencius and Dong Zhongshu. Before this, Confucius and Mencius contrived REN and YI as moral stan-dards, norms and principles to expound the Quest For Power, the relations of the Heaven and the Human, I and others, and the individual. After that, the Gongyang study of Dong zhongshu combined and discussed the REN and YI, systematically expounded and deepened the views of REN and YI from the category connotation, philo-sophical basis, object and methods, the creative interpretation on the confucian views of REN and YI is：he at-tributed Ren to Heaven, giving Ren a transcendental resource;the first time he put forward the principle of phi-lanthropism of Ren;He drew a distinction between Ren and YI, and considered that Ren point to others whom should be cared and loved, but Yi point to ourselves that need self-criticism and mistakes-corrected. The views of REN and YI by Dong Zhongshu participated in shaping and established a benevolence as the core of the na-tional governance concept, education system and etiquette system.It has Epoch-making significance and value for the construction of the China mainstream traditional universal ethic, ideology and ritual order.