初级汉语教材中文化匹配度研究——以中、美、日六部教材为例

Study of Matching Degree Between Cultural Content and Language Materials in Elementary Chinese Textbooks

本文考查中、美、日六部初级汉语教材中所包含的文化内容,从文化内容和呈现特点两方面分析文化与语言的关联情况,我们发现六部初级汉语教材中的文化内容与语言的相联模式有五种:注释型、补充型、相关型、引发型和无关型。教材中文化内容的呈现方式和显现的侧重也不尽相同,呈现视角主要有三种:以跨文化为参照点,关注差异;以当代为参照点,关注变化;全视角的客观介绍。经过分析,我们发现,文化与语言匹配度由以下三个维度构成:文化内容与语言的相关类型、文化内容的呈现角度以及文化内容的呈现侧重,语言匹配度指标应该成为教材选取文化内容的主要考量标准之一,本研究结论对教材编写以及文化教学大纲的制定提供了参考。

This paper investigates cultural contents in six elementary Chinese textbooks being used in China, the Unite states, Japan respectively. It analyses the relation of cultural contents and language and man-ner of presentation. This paper finds out there are five correlation types between cultural contents and language and three angles of presentation of the cultural contents. Through analysis the paper finds out the degree of matching between cultural contents and language consists of three factors： correlation types between cultural contents and language;angles of presentation;focus of presentation. The conclusion of this study will be refer-ence for textbook writing and establishing cultural syllabus.