中医体质分型在治疗老年糖尿病患者中的保健应用

The health care application and treatment in the elderly patients withdiabetes of the somatotype of Traditional Chinese medicine

目的探讨中医体质分型治疗在糖尿病老年患者预防保健工作中的可行性.方法：将217 例患有糖尿病的老年患者分为指导组与对照组.首先对入选的102名研究对象进行问卷调查并进行中医体质分型,然后对研究对象进行中医体质分型指导的中医药预防保健治疗（包括情志调摄、饮食调养、 起居调摄、运动保健、穴位保健）.剩余115 例研究对象未接受任何中医体质指导作为对照组.结果：指导组102 例患者中,尚有6 人在指导之前已经具有平和质,剔除6 人平和质病人,指导组有96人.经过一年的中医药预防保健治疗后,指导组64 人具有和平质,32 人无平和质;对照组115 例患者中,尚有14 人在指导之前已经具有平和质,剔除14 人平和质病人,对照组有101 人.一年中未予任何中医药预防保健指导,仅有18 名具有了平和质,83 例仍没有平和质,经过统计学χ2检验结果显示,χ^2=1.513,P〈0.001,差异具有显著性,可以认为该指导方法有效.结论：糖尿病老年患者的中医体质分型以气虚质所占比例最高,阳虚质次之.对研究对象进行中医体质分型指导的中医药预防保健治疗（包括情志调摄、饮食调养、 起居调摄、运动保健、穴位保健）后以健康体质平和质比例最高.而对照组未接受任何中医药预防保健指导后与之前评定无明显差异,仍以气虚质、阳虚质居多.给与中医体质分型干预可以提高中老年慢病患者的生活质量,减少医疗支出.

MothedsTwo hundreds and seventeen cases of elderly patients with diabetes were divided into Steering group and control group. First, the questionnaire surveyof one hundred and two subjects were selected and set up traditional Chinese medicine constitution type, and then carried on prevention and treatment of traditional Chinesemedicine health care（including emotional adjustment, diet, living, sports health and cultivateacupoint health care）. The remaining one hundred and fifteen subjects were divided controlgroup without any Chinese constitution guidance. Result： In the steering group of one hundred and two cases, six cases had been mild physical before guidance. That is to say, thesteering group had ninety six cases excluding the six patients. After one year of prevention and health care of traditional Chinese medicine treatment, sixty-six cases had mild physicaland thirty-two cases had no mild physical.Moreover,in the control group of one hundred and fifteen cases, fourteen cases had been mild physical before guidance. Namely, the controlgroup had one hundred and one cases excluding the fourteen patients. After one year, in the condition without Chinese medicine prevention and health guidance, just only eighteenpatients had mild physical and eighty-three patients had not mild physical yet. The statistical χ 2 test results show that χ 2 is 1.513, and the P is less than 0.001.The difference wassignificant and it could be proved that the guidance method was effective.Conclusions： In the somatotype of traditional Chinese medicine of the elderly patients with diabetic, theqi-insufficiency constitution had the highest proportion and the yang-insufficiency constitution took the second place. After prevention and treatment of traditional Chinesemedicine health care of the cases （including emotional adjustment, diet, living, sports health, cultivate acupoint health care）, the healthy physique-mild physique had the highestproportion. By the contrast, the control group had no significant difference between the previous evaluation and without medicine prevention and health guidance. Most of the cases stillhad qi-insufficiency constitution and yang deficiency constitution. Developing the Chinese constitution classification can improve the quality of life of the patients with chronic diseasesof the elderly and reduce medical expenditure of them..