促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子对海马神经元树突生长发育的影响

Effects of corticotropin releasing factor on dendritic development of hippocampal neurons

应激对于认知和情感有重要影响,促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子(CRF)作为应激反应的主要调节器,通过调控下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴的功能,协调机体对应激的反应。近年研究表明,应激可导致小鼠海马神经元树突分支异常,树突棘缺失,而促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子受体-1(CRFR1)缺失小鼠或在CRFR1拮抗剂存在下则表现出正常的树突分支。另外,CRFR1作为G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR),可通过不同的信号通路影响海马神经元结构及相关因子的表达。目前,CRF对海马神经元损伤的分子机制仍不明确,本文就应激下CRF及其受体信号通路对海马神经元生长发育影响的研究进展做一综述。

Stress exerts profound effects on cognitive and emotional functions. As a regulator of response to stress,the corticotropin releasing factor （CRF） during stress impacts organism function through hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Recent research has shown that dendritic branches were abnormal and dendritic spine was lost under stress. In contrast,stressed mice with CRF receptor 1 （CRFR1） deficiency or CRFR1 antagonist exhibited normal dendritic morphology of hippocampal neurons .The structure and related factors expression of hippocampal neurons were affected by CRFR1 as a G protein-coupled receptor（GPCR）, but the molecular mechanism about CRF-induced direct injury effect on hippocampal neurons has been poorly understood. The paper reviews the research progress on the contribution of stress activated CRF-CRF receptor signaling to the structure and related factors of hippocampal neurons.