短纤维增强热塑性聚氨酯弹性体复合材料的性能研究

Study of Short Carbon Fibers/Thermoplastic Polyurethane Composites

通过短切碳纤维(CF)与热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)共混改性制得一系列不同CF质量分数(含量)、不同方法处理CF的碳纤维/TPU复合材料。重点研究了不同CF质量分数和不同表面处理方法对碳纤维/TPU复合材料的微观形态、物理机械性能、热性能和动态力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:随着CF质量分数的提高,复合材料的杨氏模量和压缩模量逐渐提高,当CF质量分数为25%时,拉伸强度出现最大值。热性能和动态性能也均以CF质量分数为25%时最佳。各种表面处理中以胺基硅烷KH5501处理CF对CF/TPU复合材料的机械性能和热稳定性改善效果明显;而TCA-K44和浓硝酸氧化刻蚀CF/TPU复合材料则表现出较好的韧性和弹性。SEM分析结果表明,TPU与CF间具有很好的粘接。

A series of carbon fibers （ CF） /thermoplastic Polyurethane composites （ TPU） composites were prepared by blending and compression molding technics .The influence of CF content and pretreatment method ,such as bonding with coupling agent and oxidizing by 65~68wt% nitric acid,on the mechanical performance ,thermal properties ,dynamic me-chanical properties and micro-morphology of the composites was studied by means of mechanical properties test ,thermograv-ity analysis （TGA） ,dynamic mechanical analysis（DMA） and scanning electron microscope （SEM）.The results showed that the Yang ’ s modulus and the compress modulus were increased gradually as CF content increased .The composites hav-ing 25 %CF content displayed the greatest tensile strength ,the optimum thermal stability and dynamic mechanical proper-ties.The KH5501 cause a large improvement in mechanical properties and thermal stability of the carbon fiber reinforced TPU.The TCA-K44 and the oxidation treatment of nitric acid makes their toughness and Rebound improve availably ,SEM results disclosed a good adhesion between TPU and CF .