摘要
1954年,戈登(Gordon)最先抓住了CPR问题的本质,并对其属性进行了模型化论证,成为该领域的开创性研究。哈丁"公地悲剧"的发表则激起了学界研究CPR问题的热潮。早期学界主张要么通过"利维坦",要么私有化来治理CPR。由于奥斯特罗姆等人的努力,社区自治作为事实上的一种替代性解决方案日益得到认可。拉赫曼(Rahman)等人的研究则表明在特定的宗教和文化背景下,公地不仅不会导致悲剧,而且具有私地所不能比拟的优势。希尔(Hill)对美国野牛的研究发现,即使是经济学家公认的公地悲剧也未必真的就是悲剧。
In 1954,Gordon first captured the essence of CPR,and made a clear demonstration by modelling,which served as the groundbreaking work in this field. Hardin＇s ＂tragedy of the Commons＂has aroused great interest of academic study on the issue of CPR. In the earlier times people advocated either by ＂leviathan＂,or privatization to solve problems caused by CPR. Due to the great work of Ostrom et al.,community autonomy,as a factual alternative solution method,has been recognized. Rahman et al.,suggested that in certain religious and cultural background,the commons will not necessarily lead to tragedy,and common lands have some advantages that private lands cannot match. Hill＇s study of ＂American buffalo＂found that even economists acknowledged tragedy of the Commons is not necessarily a real one.
出处
《首都经济贸易大学学报》
2015年第1期112-121,共10页
Journal of Capital University of Economics and Business
