电子商务背景下物流信息化的新趋势——基于信息化物流的研究框架

The New Trend of Logistics Informatization under the Background of E-commerce——Based on the Research Framework of E-Logistics

物流信息化指相关主体在已有的物流资源框架下,通过应用信息化手段来提高并改善物流绩效。当信息化应用达到一定程度时,信息流对原有物流资源配置、物流组织方式及运营方式的革命性影响会逐步显现,进而提出突破原有物流资源架构、以信息流转变原有物流方式的要求,于是由物流信息化转型为信息化物流。信息化物流是一个开放的社会化物流系统,该系统中的各主体能够自主获得与资源配置、运营作业等相关的物流信息,以支持其作出最优决策,该物流系统能够引导物流行业中的不同参与主体走向有序、协调、共生、高效的竞争格局。信息化物流具有开放性、社会性(公共性)、生态性特征,由运营主体、支撑体系、信息平台、政策变量等要素组成。信息化物流作为一个社会物流系统,其主要输入和输出分别是物流运作信息和物流基础设施服务。信息化物流在实践领域的发展表明,电子商务背景下,当信息化遇到传统物流业时,必将推动传统物流运作朝着信息化物流方向转型,信息化物流将成为物流业特别是快递服务业发展的趋势,并深刻影响我国商业流通模式的发展。信息化物流作为一种全新的物流运作业态,将通过物流信息共享来实现对社会物流资源的整合,从而深刻影响甚至再造我国物流业,其对整个流通业运作模式的冲击在所难免。

Logistic informatization means that the related main players increase and improve logistic performance by applying the way of informatization to the existing framework of logistic resources. E-logistics is an open socialized logistic system;every main player in this system can make the best decision by obtaining related information by themselves. This system can lead different participants in logistics industry to form the orderly,coordinated,symbiotic and effective competitive pattern. E-logistics has the characteristics of openness,sociability and ecology;and it is composed of the main players of operation, supporting system,information platform and policy variables. The main input and output of e-logistics,a social logistic system, is logistic operational information and logistic infrastructure service,respectively. The practice of e-logistics shows that,in the light of e-commerce,the meeting of informatization and traditional logistics will definitely lead to the transformation of traditional logistic operation to e-logistics;e-logistics will be the development trend of logistics industry,especially the express industry;and it will have profound effects on the development of China＇s circulation pattern. As a brand new business type,e-logistics help us to realize the integration of social logistic resources by logistic information sharing,which will have profound effects on or rebuild China＇s logistics industry;and the impact on the operation pattern of circulation industry cannot be avoided.