国际货币体系与制造业技术创新——案例研究及对中国的启示

The International Monetary System and Manufacturing Technology Innovation——A Case Study and Its Implications for China

国际货币体系主要是国际贸易过程中国际货币的使用类别和范围以及国家间货币兑换比例等一系列原则规定。当前以美国主权国家货币充当世界贸易中主要结算货币极大利好美国企业技术创新,但在不同程度上却贬损了与美贸易国家的企业技术创新。本文通过美、日汇率波动,美、英制造强国转变,以及美、中贸易依附形成作为研究案例,详细研究了现有国际货币体系对美国以及与美国具有密切贸易往来国家的产业技术创新差异现象。在此基础上,提出了中国在现有国际货币体系下提升制造业技术创新能力的具体措施,如重构外汇使用机制,构建差别需求机制,推动汇率机制变革等。

Manufacturing technology level, how to improve the manufacturing scholars study innovation ability is the important technology innovation ability has symbol of national technology innovation become an important problem of many The international monetary system is a series of principles that how to decide the currency exchange rate mainly between the states in the in process of the international trade and which one monetary can be used in the international trade. Now, American decide how to settlement in the international trade using the dollar , so , the American dollar as a sovereign currency becomes an international money during the international trade settlement. This is a very good for innovation of American businesses, but in the varying degrees, it has been damaged to the businesses innovation of countries which have international trade with United States. Through the cases study about currency fluctuations between the United States and Japan ,and the shift of manufacturing powerhouse between the American and the British. In this paper, it has been detailed studied of differenee phenomenon of an enterprise technological innovation in the existing international monetary system based on in the United States and some countries which has close trade country of the United States. It puts forward to improve manufacturing technology innovation ability of specific measures in China under the existing international monetary system, such as refactoring use of foreign ex- change mechanism; Build difference demand mechanism ;To promote exchange rate mechanism change ,etc. To refactoring use of foreign exchange mechanism ,it should have exchange rate and sovereign wealth funds of overseas investment, form comprehensive considered the rising of RMB linkage mechanism in foreign investment of the appreciation of RMB exchange rate and the using of sovereign wealth funds to inform of the international cooperation mechanism. In sovereign fund investment of strategic emerging industries , it should make China＇ s current-account surplus of the creditor＇ s right change into R＆D capital of domestic manufacturing technology innovation. Build difference demand mechanism, that is to say, on the basis of the different regional trade demand to pro- vide different grades of products to ensure manufacturing enterprise product sales to accumulate requirements of technical innovation capital and utilize of limited domestic resources effectively to guide the manufacturing industry to upgrade o Promote exchange rate change to avoid risk on financial dependent , strengthen international technology pricing ability of China＇ s manufacturing industry in using of international technology to engage in the researching and de- velopment,configuration innovation resources within the scope of the international; Change of RMB exchange rate change rhythm to guide enterprises to participate in the U. S. manufacturing reengineering action, using technology chain fission and reorganization of the opportunity in the world financial crisis era, actively participate in new energy, biotechnology research and development of the United States, to strive for implementation of China＇ s enterprises ＂point off balance＂, in the field of these technologies . Change the present reserve currency allocation pattern and the interests of the seigniorage, making investment and savings clogged conversion mechanism, by increasing the national income to achieve wealth property reforming , strengthen material resources of enterprise technology innovation.