马克思与弗洛姆人本思想比较研究

A Comparative Study about Humanistic Thought of Marx and Fromm

马克思和弗洛姆始终信奉社会主义,把人看作人,追寻人与社会的和谐。他们视角一致,极为冷静和理智地看待人和社会,不愧为诊断人类疾病、指点人类命运的思想大师。相比较而言,马克思着眼于国家、社会的宏观架构,弗洛姆着眼于微观环境的改善;马克思强调国家行为,弗洛姆强调个人、群体的心理、行为可改变社会环境。马克思的人本理论为社会主义的实现铺设了经济、政治、文化的框架和基础,而弗洛姆的人本理论则是各个方面的细化和深化。他们的人本理论合在一起,显示出社会主义思想具有内在的连贯性和整体性,具有真正的活力和吸引力,而不是枯燥无味的教条,并且使社会主义者不再感到气馁,从而可以切切实实地做一些有益的事情。

Marx and Fromm believe in socialism. They take the person as a person and persue the harmony of people and society. They share the same view and have very calm attitude towards people and society. They are great minds for diagnosis of human diseases and advice on human destiny. Comparatively speaking, Marx focuses on the macro structure of state and society while Fromm on the micro environment improvement. Marx emphasizes on national behavior and Fromm holds that individual, group psychology, behavior can change the social environment. Marx′s humanistic theory lays the framework and basis of economy, politics, culture for the realization of socialism, and Fromm′s humanistic theory displays the refining and deepening of all aspects. Their humanistic theory together shows that socialism, unlike a boring dogma, has intrinsic consistency and integrity, and the real vitality and attraction, which encourages the socialists and enables them to do some beneficial things to reality.