古典精神分析客体关系取向的修正与发展——从社会文化到客体关系的转向

The Correction and Development of Subject-object Relation Theory in Psychoanalysis——Turning from the Social Cultural to Subject-object Relation

作为一种心理学理论体系和治疗方法,弗洛伊德的精神分析自提出之日起就备受争议。在历经几次大的学派分离和理论修正之后,当代精神分析理论和方法改变了古典精神分析的本质特征,远离了它的生物学和物理学假设。精神分析的多次裂变既带来了其元心理学的分裂,也带来了新精神分析的发展。经过历次的修正,客体化倾向已经成为精神分析发展的主要方向,它既是对传统精神分析的颠覆,也是对弗洛伊德理论的新发展。在这种倾向的指引下,还会有一批跟随者继续对弗洛伊德的精神分析理论进行修正,并不断发展符合时代潮流的新精神分析理论。

Freud＇s psychoanalysis has constantly been challenged since the date of being taken as a theoretical system and treatment method.After several major separation and theoretical correction,contemporary psychoanalytic theory and method nearly dispel the essential characteristics of traditional psychoanalysis,away from its biology and physics assumptions.Multiple fission of psychoanalysis brings about the split of meta-psychology and the new development of psychoanalysis.In all previous revisions,the development of psychoanalysis becomes closer to subject-object relation,and its subject-object relation has turned into the main development direction of psychoanalysis.It was the subversion of traditional psychoanalysis,and also the new development of Freud＇s theory.Under this trend,there will be a group of followers to continue deviating from Freud＇s psychoanalytic theory,and carries on the correction,until it has little relationship with Freud＇s theory.