大学生就业难的社会功能——基于默顿功能分析理论的视角

On the Social Function of Employment Difficulty of College Students——Based on the Perspective of Functionalist Analysis Theory of R.K.Murton

学界对大学生就业难的社会影响的研究主要集中在不利方面,而默顿的功能分析理论给我们提供了一个全新的视角。作为社会问题,它的反功能是显而易见的,但同时也具有隐性正功能:它可以让大学生回归合理就业期望;方便企业低廉地使用高层次人才;有利于高等教育市场化程度的发育;有利于个人调整人力资本投资方向和高校调整培养模式;增加在校大学生的学习压力,促进大学生整体素质的提高;促使我们重塑社会的教育价值观。

The existing research of college students of employment difficulty focused mainly on the negative impacts while the functionalism theory of Robert K. Merton provides us with a good perspective. As a social problem, its anti-functions are obvious, however it also has recessive positive functions. It allows college students to reduce their employment expectations, it gives enterprises access to inexpensive high-level talent, it conducts the development of market-oriented higher education, it helps adjust the direction of human capital investment and the training mode of colleges and increases the pressure of college students and promotes the improvement of their overall quality, and thus prompts us to reshape the education values from chaos to diversity.