滨海土壤盐渍化特征及土壤改良研究

Saline-alkali Soil Characteristics and Improvement in Coastal Area

针对天津市大港地区的盐渍化土壤,采用相关性分析和主成分分析法对其土壤盐渍化特征进行了研究,并根据土壤盐渍化特征,利用陶粒、蛭石和沸石3种材料在树坑周围作隔离层,在大田进行植树造林的田间试验.结果表明,大港区土壤盐渍化类型属于氯化物型,Cl-、K++Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+是该地区盐渍化状况的特征因子,且主要影响因子为K++Na+、和Cl-离子;3种改良措施均表现出显著的降盐效果,陶粒、蛭石和沸石的降盐率分别为17.478%、32.856%、58.559%.沸石作隔离层不仅降盐效果好,且能够抑制土壤碱化,使土壤密度变小、土壤孔隙增大.

Correlation analysis and principal component analysis（ PCA） were used to estimate the characteristics of saline-alkali soil and three soil improvement ways,with ceramicite,vermiculite and zeolite set at the bottom and side wall of pits as the salt-isolated layer,were applied in the field afforestation experiment in Dagang District,Tianjin. The results showed that the soils were heavy chloride saline,Cl^-,K^＋＋Na^＋,Ca^2＋ and Mg^2＋ were the characteristic factors,and K^＋＋Na^＋,Cl^- were the predominant factors; Three treatments had significant effects on saltreduction（ p〈0. 05）; The desalting ratios of ceramicite,vermiculite and zeolite were 17. 5%,32. 9% and 58. 6%,respectively; Zeolite was not only the most effective salt-reduction material but also useful for controlling soil alkalization,decreasing soil bulk density and increasing soil porosity.