小议《睡虎地秦墓竹简·封诊式》中的“毒言”

A Tentative Study on Duyan in Qin Bamboo Slips Unearthed in Shuihudi

睡虎地秦墓竹简中的《封诊式》部分是当时官方记录辖区内案件发生和处理经过的一种官方证明文书。其中的"毒言"一词,日本学者工藤元男认为是楚地流行的巫术诅咒,类似于带有诅咒性质的恶毒的话语。但分析材料和查证文献后发现,此种解释欠妥,"毒言"实际上应指当时一种颇具危害的传染性疾病。

Fengzhenshi in Qin bamboo slips unearthed in Shuihudi is a kind of official document on which the occurrence and procedure of legal cases was recorded. Japanese scholar Kudō Moto＇o said Duyan in Qin bamboo slips unearthed in Shuihudi is some kind of magic spells which was popular in Chu. But both of analysis of the material and verification of the literature show that it is not accurate to interpret Duyan as curse,and it is better to be interpreted as a kind of contagion which was dangerous to people at that time.