秸秆纤维地膜覆盖栽培哈椒试验研究

Study on the stalk fiber films mulching cultivation green pepper

为研究玉米和水稻秸秆纤维地膜覆盖栽培作物性能,并完善其制造工艺技术,采用随机区组试验方法,以裸地作为空白对照,实施玉米秸秆纤维地膜、水稻秸秆纤维地膜和传统塑料地膜4个处理覆盖栽培哈椒小区多重比较试验,研究秸秆纤维地膜的抑草、增温、保墒和降解性能及其对哈椒植株高度和产量影响。结果表明,玉米、水稻秸秆纤维地膜间的抑草、增温、保墒性能无显著差异,分别在68和110 d内完全降解;两种秸秆纤维地膜抑草性能显著优于传统塑料地膜的;秸秆纤维地膜与传统塑料地膜的保墒性能无显著差异,土壤含水量显著高于裸地的;秸秆纤维地膜覆盖处理的地表及地下10 cm土壤总积温与裸地对照无显著差异,极显著低于传统塑料地膜的;秸秆纤维地膜覆盖栽培哈椒的植株高度和产量显著高于裸地的,与传统塑料地膜无显著差异。

In order to study the properties of the corn stalk fiber film and rice stalk fiber film mulching cultivation crop, and to improve their manufacturing process technology, the randomized block test method was employed to carry out the multiple comparison plot test of cultivating green pepper, and study on the properties of weed suppression, increasing temperature, conserving soil moisture, degradation and effect on height and yield of green pepper of the corn stalk fiber film and rice stalk fiber film, with four treatments which were corn stalk fiber film mulching, rice stalk fiber film mulching, plastic film mulching, and bare land as blank control. The results showed that the properties of weed suppression, increasing temperature and conserving soil moisture were no significant difference between corn stalk fiber film and rice stalk fiber film, and they were completely degraded within 68 and 110 d, respectively;weed suppression performance of two kinds of stalk fiber film was significantly better than traditional plastic film; there were no significant differences in conserving soil moisture properties of stalk fiber film with conventional plastic mulching, and the mulching soil water content was significantly higher than that of bare land; the total soil accumulated temperature of the surface and underground 10 cm was no significant difference between stalk fiber film mulching treatments and control, they were significantly lower than traditional plastic mulching treatment;the green pepper plant height and yield of stalk fiber film mulching treatments were significantly higher than that of control, and they had no significant difference with the traditional plastic mulching treatment.