上海市未婚务工青年生殖健康现况调查

Survey on Reproductive Health among Unmarried Young People Working in Shanghai

目的了解上海市未婚务工青年性行为和生殖态度。方法于2013年7月,采用随机整群抽样法,选择徐汇区、金山区、虹口区、普陀区3~4个以18~24岁年龄段、务工青年比较集中的企业、酒店、商店等单位,以当天在岗人员作为调查对象,共抽取16~30岁青年1 496名,其中966名为未婚青年。采用自行设计的调查问卷,问卷内容包括一般情况,对未婚男性与异性发生性行为、未婚女性与异性发生性行为、婚后与非配偶发生性行为、一夜情、与多人发生性关系、未婚先孕的态度,婚前是否发生性行为。结果被调查者中男391名,女575名;年龄16~30岁,平均（21.9±2.6）岁。务工青年对未婚男性与异性发生性行为持赞同（将非常赞同与赞同合计,以下相同）者为17.1%（165/966）,对未婚女性与异性发生性行为持赞同者为13.8%（133/966）。不同性别、年龄、文化程度、户籍所在地的未婚务工青年对未婚男性与异性发生性行为、未婚女性与异性发生性行为赞同率比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;不同性别未婚务工青年对婚后与非配偶发生性行为赞同率比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;不同性别、年龄未婚务工青年对一夜情赞同率比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;不同文化程度未婚务工青年对与多人发生性行为赞同率比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;不同性别未婚务工青年对未婚先孕赞同率比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。未婚务工青年中共275名发生过性行为,发生率为28.5%。不同性别、年龄、是否为单亲家庭、文化程度者性行为发生率比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;不同户籍所在地、职业者性行为发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。对未婚男性与异性发生性行为、未婚女性与异性发生性行为、婚后与非配偶发生性行为、一夜情、与多人发生性行为、未婚先孕持赞同者性行为发生率均分别高于持无所谓、反对态度者（P〈0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,性别、年龄、单亲家庭、对性相关问题的态度与未婚务工青年发生婚前性行为有回归关系（P〈0.05）。结论未婚务工青年性行为的发生率较高,性行为的发生与性相关态度有密切关系。男性、单亲家庭、文化程度较低的未婚务工青年婚前性行为发生率较高,应作为生殖健康教育的重点人群,开展有针对性的生殖健康促进活动。

Objective To investigate the sexual behaviors and reproductive attitudes among unmarried young people working in Shanghai. Methods 1 496 young workers aged between 16 to 30 from enterprises,hotels and stores in districts of Xuhui,Jinshan,Hongkou and Putuo（ 966 unmarried） were selected by using cluster sampling method in July 2013. A self- made questionnaire was used for the survey,and the content of the questionnaire included general information,sexual behavior between unmarried men and women,sexual behavior between unmarried women and men,sexual behavior between married people and unmarried partner,one night sex,sexual behavior with many people,attitude towards premarital pregnancy,premarital sexual behavior. Results The subjects included 391 males and 575 females aging from 16 to 30,with an average age of（ 21. 9 ± 2. 6）.17. 1%（ 165 /966） of the young workers agreed with the sexual behavior between unmarried men and women（ including those strongly agreed）,and 13. 8%（ 133 /966） agreed with the sexual behavior between unmarried women and men. The rate of approval of sexual behavior between unmarried men and women,sexual behavior between unmarried women and men of those with different gender,age,education level and household showed satistically significant differences（ P 〈0. 05）; the rate of approval of sexual behavior between married people and unmarried partner of those with different gender showed satistically significant differences（ P 〈0. 05）; the rate of approval of one night sex of those with different gender,age showed satistically significant differences（ P 〈0. 05）; the rate of approval of sexual behavior with many people of those with different education level showed satistically significant differences（ P 〈0. 05）; the rate of approval of premarital pregnancy of those with different gender showed satistically significant differences（ P 〈0. 05）. 275（ 28. 5%） of the subjects had sexual behaviors. The incidence of sexual behavior of those with different gender,age,education level and being single parent family showed statistically significant difference（ P 〈0. 05）. The incidence of sexual behavior of those with different household registration and occupation showed no statistically significant difference（ P 〉0. 05）. The incidence of sexual behaviors of those who agreed with sexual behavior between unmarried men and women,sexual behavior between unmarried women and men,sexual behavior between married people and unmarried partner,one night sex,sexual behavior with many people and premarital pregnancy was higher than those who did not care and disagreed with them（ P 〈0. 05）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender,age,single parent family,agreeing with or not care about sexual behavior were risk factors for premarital sexual behaviors（ P 〈0. 05）. Conclusion The unmarried young workers have high incidence of sexual behavior. Sexual behaviors and attitudes are closely related. Male,single parent family,low education level are risk factors for high incidence of sexual behavior. Reproductive health activities for young workers can make the reproductive health education program more efficient and sustainable.