傣族“进新房”仪式及其口头诗歌演述——以西双版纳、德宏傣族为例

“New-house-entry” Ceremonies of the Dai People Narrated in Oral Poems——Case Studies of the Dai People of Xishuangbanna and Dehong

无论是西双版纳、德宏还是其他地方的傣族,新居落成后的庆贺活动是民众生活中重要的仪式之一,届时要举办特定的进新房仪式。仪式上口头演唱的诗歌,既讲述房屋起源,也追述民族的迁徙史。通过对比傣泐、傣讷两支系的进新房仪式及其口头演述的诗歌,发现彼此的异同。相对来说,西双版纳因为有职业歌手章哈,在进新房仪式后的《贺新房》是很重要的内容,其口头诗歌受到佛教的影响也较深。

Whenever a new house is completed, celebrations are held and this has become an impor-tant ritual for the Dai people of both Xishuangbanna and Dehong. As a part of the ceremony for the occa-sion, poems are sung that tell you not only the story of the house, but also the history of their national evo-lution. A comparison is made in this article between these orally transmitted poems sung at the house-en-try ceremonies of two Dai clans–the Daile and the Daina–to identify their similarities and differences. Comparatively speaking, Hail the New House sung by the clan of Xishuangbanna is very important because of Zhang Ha, a professional singer. Moreover, these oral poems are influenced by the Buddhism.