人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体确证试验假阳性1例分析

Analysis of false positive conclusion in human immunodeficiency virus antibody confirmatory test: report of one case

目的:通过对1例人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)抗体确证试验结果假阳性者进行随访检测分析,探讨HIV抗体确证试验技术在实际工作中存在的问题和解决的方法。方法:对1例受检者进行HIV抗体筛查和确证试验,并于4周、8周和12周随访检测,后两次随访进行HIV-1病毒载量检测以及第四次进行CD4+T淋巴细胞检测。结果:4次HIV抗体检测结果免疫印迹试验带型均为gp160、gp120、p24;后两次病毒载量结果均为TND,第四次CD4+T淋巴细胞检测结果为885 cells/μl,结合流行病学资料,最终判定HIV抗体阴性。结论:随着HIV抗体确证试验结果不确定样本不断增多,检测者要格外谨慎判断处于临界状态的样本,必须结合流行病学资料分析及随访检测,才能给予准确的检测报告。

Objective： To explore the problems existing in human immunodeficiency virus（ HIV） antibody confirmatory testing techniques and the corresponding solutions in practical work by following up one case of false positive conclusion in HIV antibody confirmatory test. Methods： The subject underwent HIV antibody screening and confirmatory testing,and received follow-up testing at the 4th week,8th week and 12 th week. In the last two follow-ups,HIV-1 viral load testing was conducted; and in the fourth follow-up,the CD4＋T lymphocytes were detected. Results： The band types of HIV antibody detected by immunoblotting in the four tests were all gp160,gp120 and p24; the viral load results in the last two follow-ups were both TND,and the result of CD4^＋T lymphocytes in the fourth test was 885 cells / μl. Combined with epidemiological data,the HIV antibody was ultimately determined to be negative.Conclusions： With the increasing of inconclusive samples by HIV antibody confirmatory test,we must be greatly cautious of the confirmatory positive samples in the borderline state. For certain special samples,testers must combine epidemiological data analysis and follow-up testing to make an accurate test report.