妊娠期糖尿病研究新进展

The New Research Progress of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)是妊娠期常见的一种并发症,若血糖控制不满意,可有妊娠期高血压疾病、羊水过多、胎膜早破、产后出血、胎儿窘迫、巨大儿、胎儿生长受限、新生儿低血糖等严重危害。建议GDM采用新的诊断标准,结合孕期体质量管理和膳食指导,必要时加用胰岛素治疗,并根据孕妇个体化因素适时终止妊娠,则母儿并发症可得到有效控制。该文就GDM的病因、发病机制、产科处理等研究新进展予以综述。

Gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） is a common complication of pregnancy, which can cause serious adverse consequences for mother and child, including hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy, polyhydramnios, premature rupture of membrane, postpartum hemorrhage, fetal distress, macrosomia, intrauterine growth retardation, hypoglycemia of newborn etc. Using new diagnostic criteria of GDM, combined with pregnancy weight management and dietary guidance, the addition of insulin therapy when necessary, and appropriate termination of pregnancy into delivery according to the individual situation ,together may effectively control the complications of the mother and child. Here is to make a review of the new research progress of GDM etiology, pathogenesis and obstetric management.