折叠式传染病员负压隔离转运舱研究

Study on folding negative-pressure isolation transport capsule for infectious disease patients

目的 :研发折叠式负压隔离转运舱,满足新发突发传染病现场应急防控病员转运与处置需求。方法 :基于负压隔离原理,模拟仿真不同工况下舱体受力情况,设计可快速安装的相对密闭舱体;综合集成风机、高效空气过滤器、压差传感器、数据采集与控制元件,设计高效排风过滤模块;采用压差补偿技术,避免在机载颠簸工况下对舱内压差波动,维持稳定的定向气流;通过环境生理学测量方法,分析负压隔离转运舱工作时对受试者生理指标影响。结果:折叠式传染病员负压隔离转运舱对0.3μm生物气溶胶的过滤效率大于99.99%,在2 min内建立不小于15 Pa的负压差,实现舱内压差、电量实时监控,人体工效学试验表明对受试者生理指标无影响。结论:折叠式负压隔离转运舱过滤效率高,负压差建立稳定可靠,舱体作业展收快捷方便,满足传染病员转运需求。

Objective To develop folding negative-pressure isolation transport capsule for the evacuation and treatment of infectious disease patients. Methods An airtight framework which could be assembled rapidly was designed with using negative-pressure isolation principle and simulating the stresses on the framework under different conditions. The capsule had its blowing filtration module made from the integrated blower, high-efficiency air filtrator, differential pressure sensor as well as the component for data acquisition and control. Differential pressure compensation was involved to eliminate the pressure fluctuation in the capsule in case of bumping. Environmental physiology methods were used to analyze the physiological status of the patient during evacuation. Results The capsule had the filtration efficiency more than 99.99%against 0.3 μm biological aerosol particles, and took less than 2 min to form negative pressure difference not less than 15 Pa.Real-time monitoring was realized for the pressure difference and electric quantity in the capsule. Ergonomics experiments showed that the physiological indexes of the examinee were not influenced significantly. Conclusion The capsule behaves well in filtration, developing negative pressure difference and deployment, and thus can be used for the evacuation and treatment of infectious disease patients.