简论俞正燮的伦常观

On Yu Zheng- xie's Ethic View

俞正燮作为嘉道时期著名考据学者,在对社会伦常问题展开探讨时,继承发扬戴震所开创的皖派考据学治学范式,力图通过考字词以求道,同时结合清中期礼学研究的热潮,从礼制、礼意、礼器等多方面展开考察,重省社会中君臣、父子、师生等人伦关系。分析俞正燮的伦常观,可以发现他通过对考据内容的选择、考据再诠释等方式,延续早期启蒙学者所探讨的话题,部分继承他们所提出的价值观念。这也再次证明晚明以降所产生的早期启蒙思想发展至19世纪初期并未消亡,而是在历史的洄流中曲折前进。

Being a remarkable scholar of textual criticism in the period of Jiaqing and Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty, Yu Zhengxie inherited and put forward the academic methods by Dai Zhen to run a school with textual criticism when he discussed on the issues about social ethics, with the intention to find ethics through the exami- nation of characters and phrases. At the same time, with the boom of the study of etiquette during the middle of the Qing Dynasty, he conducted research in a series of aspects such as etiquette rules, etiquette sense, etiquette instruments and the like and re -thought the ethic relationships between monarch and officials, father and son, teacher and students. Analyzing Yu Zhengxie＇ s ethic views can help us to find out that, through the selection of his textual content and through his conclusion and reinterpretations, he continued the topics by the earlier en- lightenment - scholars and partly inherited their concepts of value. This can indicate again that the early enlightenment movement which started in the late Ming Dynasty had not come to its end at the beginning of the 19th century but was still developing in history.