新陆早棉花品种DNA指纹图谱的构建及遗传多样性分析

Construction of DNA Fingerprinting and Analysis of Genetic Diversity for Xinluzao Cotton Varieties

以新疆2013年前审定的51个新陆早常规棉花品种为材料,从5000对SSR引物中筛选出多态性高、稳定性好、且定位在棉花26条染色体上（每条染色体上选择2-3对）的75对核心引物,检测到多态性位点226个,每个标记检测到的基因型位点数在2-12之间,平均为3.01个;引物多态信息量（PIC）值介于0.0799-0.8752之间,平均值为0.6624。结果显示,在51份新陆早棉花常规品种中,可利用特征引物将21份品种一次性区分开。利用40对引物可以完全区分开新陆早51份常规品种,并构建供试品种的指纹图谱。同时利用NTSYS-pc V2.10软件聚类分析表明,51个新陆早棉花品种遗传相似系数变化范围为0.4269-0.9873,平均值为0.7071,说明新陆早棉花品种之间遗传多样性较狭窄;遗传相似系数矩阵和聚类分析将51个新陆早品种分为4大类型,与原品种选育系谱高度吻合。

Fifty-one Xinluzao conventional cotton varieties authorized before 2013 were detected with 75 pairs of primers with high polymorphism, good repeatability, and even distribution on 26 chromosomes （2–3 pairs from each chromosome） selected from 5000 pairs of SSR primers. A total of 226 polymorphic loci were obtained, and each marker detected 2–12 polymorphic loci with an average of 3.01; the polymorphism information content ranged from 0.0799 to 0.8752, with an average of 0.6624. The results showed that 21 varieties were differentiated by characteristic primers, and the rest 30 varieties could be identified by primer conbinations. In the end, 40 specific primers and combinated primers could completely differentiate the 51 Xinluzao cotton varieties from each other. DNA fingerprinting of the 51 Xinluzao conventional varieties were constructed with the 40 pairs of SSR markers. NTSYS-pcV2.10 software was used to analyze genetic diversity of the 51 conventional varieties, the results indicated that genetic similarity coefficient for the varieties ranged from 0.4269 to 0.9873, with an average of 0.7071, showing the narrow genetic diversity in Xinluzao cotton varieties. The 51 Xinluzao cotton varieties were divided into four types with the genetic simi-larity coefficient matrix and cluster analysis, which were strongly consistent with their pedigrees.