固体中的极化子与双极化子

Polaron and bipolaron in solid state

离子晶体通常具有较高的介电常数,带电粒子在晶体中会引起介电极化,其作用相当于一个可以束缚粒子的势阱.若粒子在势阱中的状态是稳定的,就有可能形成所谓的极化子与双极化子.本文采用一种简化的处理方法,将晶体材料当作各向同性的均匀介质,主要利用经典物理图像和三维量子谐振子模型,分别计算了介质中极化子与双极化子的基态能量,并进行了简要的理论分析.

Ionic crystals usually possess high dielectric constant. The charged particle is able to induce dielec- tric polarization in crystal,which functions as a charge-trapping potential well. The polarons and bipolarons are able to form when their trapping states in potential well are stable. In this paper, a simplified method is utilized and the crystal is regarded as isotropic and uniform media. By using the picture of classical physics and model of quantum harmonic oscillator, the ground state energies of polarons and hipolarons are calculated,and some theoretical analy- sis is given.