父母教养方式对小学生智商的影响研究

Study on the impact of parenting style to the primary school students' intelligence

目的探讨父母教养方式与小学生智商的关系,为其针对性教育方法的建立提供依据。方法以佛山南海某小学1-6年级的882名小学生为被试,采用父亲母亲管教方式量表对其父母教养方式进行调查,采用绘人智能测验量表评估其智商。结果 1）母亲和父母亲教养方式中,民主组小学生智商得分均高于不干涉组,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;2）父亲、母亲及父母亲教养方式回应和要求维度,均与小学生智商存在显著正相关关系（P〈0.05）;3）母亲回应得分、小学生年龄、父亲要求得分和母亲学历对小学生智商有显著预测作用,其中小学生年龄与其智商呈显著负相关,其余三项与其呈正相关（P均〈0.05）。结论父母教养方式对小学生智商有显著影响。母亲的高学历和高回应,父亲高要求可养育出更聪明的儿童。

Objective To explore the relationship between parenting style and the primary school students＇ intelligence,and provide the theoretical basis for establishment of the pointed education method. Methods A total of 882 students from grade 1 to 6 in primary shcool of Nanhai district,Foshan City were investigated.Their parents were assessed with Parental Style Scale,and their intelligence were assessed with IQ scores of Human Figure Drawings. Results 1） For mother＇s parenting style and parents＇ parenting style,primary school students＇ intelligence quotient （IQ） of democratic parenting was significantly higher than indifference group,the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.2）The response and requirements of father,mother and parents for primary school students,had significantly positive correlation with IQ;3） Mother＇s response dimension,primary school students＇ age,father＇s requirements dimension and mother＇s educational background,these four factors had significant prediction to primary school students＇ IQ,and they were positively correlated with IQ,except primary school students＇ age was negatively related with IQ. Conclusion Parenting style has remarkable effect on primary school students IQ.Mother＇s high educational background and high response dimension,father＇s high requirements dimension do good to raising a smarter child.