广西壮族地区中小学生儿童虐待影响因素及心理影响调查

Influencing factors of child abuse and its effect on psychological health among primary and middle students in Zhuang nationality area

目的分析广西壮族地区中小学生的儿童虐待发生的影响因素及其对心理健康的影响。方法采用多阶段整群抽样的方法,抽取4-9年级的中小学生3 936人。采用自填问卷方式填写学生基本情况调查表、儿童受虐筛查表、儿童社交焦虑量表和自尊量表。通过非条件Logistic回归分析儿童虐待发生的影响因素。进行了儿童虐待与儿童社交焦虑及自尊的相关分析,以明确儿童虐待与社交焦虑及自尊之间的联系强度。结果结果表明,壮族地区儿童虐待受到中小学、性别、民族、社交焦虑及自尊等5个因素的影响,除中小学、性别和自尊的OR值小于1外,其余因素OR值均大于1。儿童社交焦虑量表总分与儿童虐待显著相关（r=0.201,P〈0.01）;自尊量表总分与儿童虐待呈显著负相关（r=-0.135,P〈0.05）。结论中小学、性别、民族、社交焦虑及自尊为儿童虐待的影响因素。其中,中学相对于小学是儿童虐待的保护因素;女童相对于男童是保护因素;汉族相对于壮族是儿童虐待的危险因素。社交焦虑与儿童虐待呈正相关,自尊程度与儿童虐待成负相关。

Objective To explore the influencing factors of child abuse among primary and middle students in Zhuang nationality area and its effect on students＇ psychological health. Methods A total of 3 936 students of grade 4~9 were chosen by multi-stage cluster sampling method.Student general information questionnaire,the Screen Questionnaire of Child Abuse（SQCA）,the Social Anxiety Scale for Children （SASC） and the Self-Esteem Scale（SES） were filled by theirselves.Influencing factors of child abuse were explored by non-conditional Logistic regression analysis.The correlation analysis between child abuse and social anxiety and self-esteem was completed,to confirm the correlation strength. Results Five influencing factors about child abuse in Zhuang nationality area were grade,sex,nation,social anxiety and self-esteem.The OR of primary and middle school,sex and self-esteem were less than 1,other OR were exceed 1.The correlation coefficient between SASC and child abuse was 0.201;the corrleration coefficient between SES and child abuse was -0.135. Conclusion The influencing factors about child abuse in Zhuang nationality area are grade,sex,nation,social anxiety and self-esteem.Comparing to primary school,middle school is protecting factor of child abuse; girl is protecting factor comparing to boy;Han nationality is risk factor comparing to Zhuang nationality.There is positive correlation between social anxiety and child abuse,and there is negative correlation between the degree of self-esteem and child abuse.