我国青年女子赛艇运动员选材若干指标研究

Study on Athletes Selection Indices of Young Women Rowing in China

以国青队21名女子赛艇运动员为研究对象,通过对赛艇项目相关选材指标的测试,分析我国青年女子赛艇运动员的身体形态、身体机能等指标的现状特征,为探索高水平赛艇运动员选材体系奠定基础。研究结果显示,国青队与国家队队员在身高、体重、指距、指距-身高、克托莱指数、体脂百分比指标上没有显著性差异;但BMI、瘦体重指数具有显著性差异(P<0.01);下蹲伸臂距达到五级水平(优秀赛艇运动员要求)者仅占4.7%;VO2max的变化范围为2.713-4.831L/min,14.3%的受试者达到国内优秀女子赛艇的平均水平,4.8%的受试者达到国际标准;乳酸变化率在6.26-13.99mmol/min之间。指出,目前我国青年女子赛艇运动员的选材成效较好,人才储备力量较强,但是在某些方面还存在弱势,与国际优秀女子赛艇运动员存在差距,需要加强肌肉力量、柔韧性、减脂的有氧训练,同时注意各项素质训练的均衡性。

Twenty one female rowing athletes from the national youth team are taken as the research object. By testing related indicators in selecting rowing athletes, this paper analyzes the current situation and characteristics of indicators such as body shape and physical quality of rowing athletes from the national youth team, which will lay the foundation for the exploration to select high level athletes. It shows that there is no significant difference （P〈0. 01） in height, weight, arm span, span-height, Quetelet index, body fat percentage index between national youth team and the national team. But it shows that there are significant differences in BMI, lean body mass index （P〈0.01）. The percentage of squat arm distance above grade five only takes 4.7%. The range of maximal oxygen uptake is from 2. 713L/min to 4. 831 L/min. 14. 3% of the tester reach the average level of excellent female rowing athletes at home, and 4.8% reach the international level. The lactic acid change rate is between 6.26mmol/L and 13.99mmol/L. Conclusion： The selection of female rowing athletes has a good effect with strong reserve of talents, but there is weakness in some aspects. Muscle strength and flexibility and fat burning aerobic training should be promoted and strengthened, meanwhile the balance between training of different fitness qualities should be stressed.