语料库翻译学视角下的译文偏离和负对等现象——基于《我的名字叫红》的数据特征分析

Deviances and Negative Equivalences from the Perspective of Corpus-based Translation Studies——Statistic Analysis Based on Translated My Name is Red

在语料库翻译学理论框架内对汉译小说中的相关语言要素进行了检索、统计,并与汉语平衡语料库展开了对比分析,结果表明,汉译小说在词汇使用上缺乏多样性;高频词和人称代词的使用频率远远超过现代书面汉语;连词的大量使用削弱了译本的信息载体作用;名词、动词、副词、数量词、习用语等的使用均不如现代书面汉语活跃,特别是一些具有文化意义和民族特色的习用语使用不足;动词的词汇搭配范围较窄,呈现简化特征,从而使得译本出现了与现代书面汉语偏离和负对等的现象。

Based on the theory of corpus-based translation, we analyze the STTR, wordlist, distribution of word class-es, collocations and average sentence length of the translated novel, and endeavors to compare these data with the sub-corpora in LCMC. Statistic analyses show that vocabulary in the translated novel lacks variety, while the high-frequency words and personal pronouns are lower in frequencies compared with modern Chinese. The employment of nouns, verbs, adverbials, quantifiers, and idioms is less frequent. Collocation of verbs is of simplified features. All these result in the deviances and negative equivalences in the translated novel.